Sunday, November 8, 2026



















































































Baby in a Cage - Essay by Shoshana Lavan

“Would You Put Your Baby in a Cage?”
             By Shoshana Lavan

Normally, living in the holy land, I get so distraught and fired up, I feel the need to write an angry, distressed or incredulous blog (or all three) around once a month. But now I’m in England on a long break, and my last blog was in fact on July 29th. 

But one of my closest friends couldn’t understand the picture I’d created: the quiet, peaceful countryside. No war. Everything calm and beautiful.

Where is your heartache? She asked.

The Day of Atonement has come and gone, but now I am atoning for the white lies I told, or the truth I did not tell, in that blog.

In March 2025, knowing we were going to have my sabbatical year on a canalboat and spend the time exploring the canals of England, we were ready to begin the process for our dog. Her name is Lucy, she is seven and a half and she was found on our kibbutz, abandoned and hungry. She had already given birth at the age of one and her tail and ears had been cut. (A Bedouin tradition). My three-year-old son and I found her at the entrance of his Kindergarten, and after giving her a whole lot of fuss, she decided to come home with me. She stayed by my side the whole way and came in through the front door as though it was her home. So, her home it became.

Since then, she has been with us on almost every one of our adventures:  on countless demonstrations, as a coping-through-war therapy dog at school for my students and colleagues alike, on adventures all over Israel, and of course running with me every morning, or running by me while I’m offroad on my bike. She is an integral part of our family, even more so than the beautiful cats we’ve fostered and adopted and rescued over the years. When we decided to go to England, it was a no-brainer. Lucy was coming with us.

The documented rabies vaccinations had to be started in March. Only, you probably remember that in March there was – no surprises here – another war. My birthday was cancelled, the festival of Purim was cancelled, and we spent much ‘delightful’ time in our local shelter. And so, the paperwork started late. But come the beginning of July, our vet filled in the necessary documents, signed and stamped every page, and to make doubly and triply sure the dates would still be accepted, we paid extra to a head vet in another local authority. He informed us we must get our vet to sign by every dated vaccination. So, we did. We spent four hours with him until he was satisfied the paperwork was accurate.

We bought a large crate for Lucy, and at the airport we got her through customs four hours before the flight. Everyone there checked her paperwork, from the officials in the office to the people who sorted out her cage, to make sure everything was safe for the flight and acceptable for British customs. We had bought a sleeping tablet from our vet, who recommended it before the flight. At least that way I knew I did not have to worry about Lucy being awake and frightened in the cargo. But when we got to the loading area, they told us the tablet was forbidden. I left Lucy with my coat and a towel in her cage, familiar objects and scents around her. But she was shaking anyway. She was not allowed food or water in the cage. I took one more glance at her, still visibly trembling, as we left the cargo area.

I remember saying to one of our closest friends our adventure would not start until Lucy was safely in England with us…

We have been in England on our boat now for three and a half months, and Lucy only joined us on our adventure on the 15th October.

We went to pick her up from quarantine, where she travelled straight from the airport enclosure, because we were given no other choice. We received an email after waiting a few hours at the airport to inform us her documentation was incorrect, and she would not be released. We went to where she was being held as quickly as we could. It was late Friday evening. The pregnant lady behind the desk said Lucy’s documentation did not pass British standards. She would not even allow us to see Lucy. After the waiting in Israel, the flight and waiting in England, Lucy had been without her family around 12 hours. And now we were informed she would have to live without us for another four months. We had to find her a kennels, someone to take her there (we were not allowed to) and it would cost around five thousand pounds for the privilege. I tried calling our vet in Israel. She didn’t answer, of course. We tried reasoning with the lady. Surely, she could understand we had been in a war zone, and if mistakes had been made, we would rectify them as soon as possible. That Lucy had had every rabies vaccination needed, it was just that the dates were wrong and we could sort it all out if only they would keep Lucy until we got hold of our vet. I tried to explain that Lucy had been a kind of therapy dog throughout falling missiles, that she helped people through depression, that we would do anything to get her released. But she would not budge. The woman had to keep to the British law. Not her fault, of course. She works for the government. But I could not help thinking that had it been her baby she’d had to put in a cell for four months, she might have behaved a little differently.

Totally exhausted and utterly distraught, but left with no power to argue and nothing else to use as reason, we left Lucy and made our way to the Air BnB where we were staying before getting on our boat. The next morning, during my first run without Lucy, I kept trying to work out what we could do – perhaps take her out and go through France, or even fly back to Israel and begin the process all over again? But to do anything where Lucy had to travel again by herself broke my heart even more.

That morning, we managed to make many fraught phone calls, find a highly recommended five-star kennels up north where we would be gradually heading on our boat, pay for someone to take her there, and also start arranging for the vet to fax the most recent rabies injection certificate which would at least take off a month of Lucy’s jail sentence. We also had to pay a large deposit to the kennels.

I chose that particular kennels primarily because it allowed owners to visit their pets up to three times a week, and promised walks two to three times and day.

So, a new routine was to begin. Our little boy and I would get on a train, or two, or three, or four, depending where we were, and go to visit Lucy in her temporary home. The place had received amazing reviews. But on arrival, I found out that the quarantine dogs are not allowed out of their kennels. Quarantine dogs have to eat and shit in the same room (Lucy had one room divided into two, partly outside and partly inside) which is basically a concrete cell. There are bars at one end, like in a prison cell, separating the dog from the trees outside. The ceiling is made of corrugated plastic. When the wind is strong, or it rains, the cell becomes cold and wet. Little to no sunshine can enter the small space. All you can hear is other dogs barking and whining all day long.

On my first visit to Lucy, when I went alone, I sat on the concrete ground where she came to sit on my lap, stared at the bars and felt a deep, black sadness.

Afterwards, I emailed the owner, asking if there was anything she could do to help Lucy through the months. And so, they put astro turf down to give her something other than concrete. When I saw her fur was greasy, I asked them to give her a bath. At least then, I thought, she would be getting human contact. They did the best they could in the circumstances, feeding her twice a day and giving her fuss too. And I am not blaming them at all, for the rules are not made by them. They all loved Lucy and did what they could to help.

Each time we came, Lucy would cry-bark when she saw us, jump all over us and lick our faces and display total joy. No resentment, of course. No blame. No, ‘Why am I here?’ or ‘What have you done to me?’ No judgment. Just love.

Oh, how much we humans could learn from dogs, who do not keep grudges.

It was hard to sleep at night, knowing Lucy was there on her own in the darkness, in a strange and new country with no understanding of what the future would bring.

I thought the time would never pass, but of course, it did.

Lucy is now sitting with me as I write this. She will barely let me out of her sight. Her fur is slowly recovering from its stress-induced dandruff, and she is fit enough again to run with me each morning, even in four degrees – a terrible shock to me, let alone her!

What an ordeal. For Lucy. For us. And what I truly don’t understand is how it can be legal. I mean, I know wars are legal, and having absolute tyrants as presidents or prime ministers is legal, but to leave a dog for three or four months, without their family, in a bare concrete room, with very little company, no walks, no freedom at all, without any understanding of what is happening and why… I don’t understand how such a thing can be legal in 2026.

Are you telling me there is no way the authorities could have contacted the Israeli authorities to get the right paperwork? And why weren’t the staff at the airport well enough informed to tell us the documentation would not pass British standards? Why can’t a rabies test be designed that doesn’t involve months of waiting? Or, if none of the above is possible, couldn’t there be a more humane kennels that looks after quarantined animals only, and therefore cares for them in a properly compassionate and caring way?

The reality is, people don’t care enough. And too many people are benefiting from this lucrative arrangement. And people have bigger battles to fight. The world is so messed up. After all, this only happened because Iran sent missiles to Israel, and the Iranians certainly never considered Lucy suffering as a consequence.

No one ever considers the animals. It seems hard enough to consider the people, these days. But you see, we could learn so much from the way our animals love us, if only we cared enough to notice.

 - Shoshana Lavan is a published author of many short stories, and loves to swim, run and bike in the hills of the Galilee, Israel. Shoshana is an English Literature teacher at Harduf’s Steiner school in Northern Israel, a school that believes in and educates for a mindset of peace and a shared society of Arabs and Jews. In July of this year, Shoshana took a sabbatical and the family (husband, ten-year-old son, one dog and now two kittens) bought a narrowboat in England, spending a year living on the boat and exploring the canals. Shoshana’s first novel was longlisted for the Bridport prize in 2018, and in 2024 ‘Three Cornered Hat’ was shortlisted for the Oxford Flash Fiction prize. In 2025 Shoshana was a finalist in the Oxford Flash Fiction prize with ‘A Poster of Three Cats’. Shoshana’s first novel, a work of historical fiction, is being published by Matar Publishing House in the near future. https://shoshana03.wixsite.com/website

Copyright©2026 by Shoshana Lavan. All Rights Reserved.

Tuesday, October 13, 2026

Monday, April 20, 2026

Climate and Society in 2026 - by Tacitus Gaia-Marx

 This is a spoken-word essay in multiple parts.

“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part One: Is Global Warming a Hoax? [11:54]


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Two: Justified Fear. [12:56]


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Three: Animal Control. [5:38]


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Four: Recreation, Not Conservation. [4:22]


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Five: Credibility and Authority [4:18]


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Six: License to Pollute. [4:37] 


“Climate and Society in 2026.” Part Seven: Go to(s)Hell. [4:42]


After forestry college, Tacitus Gaia-Marx worked in the woodlands of the Pacific Northwest for decades, dedicating his life to environmental conservation and habitat preservation. As a young man dabbling in biology, physics, and philosophy, Tacitus grew to comprehend the importance of preserving all living matter at nature’s biodiverse core for planetary health. These spoken-word essays were inspired, in part, by family members who, ignoring social ethics and moral character, voted into power the 47th U.S. president. These essays might not be works for all time since administrations change, but they certainly represent a historical snapshot. History reveals truth for those not paying attention in the moment. Prof. Tague assisted in these scripts.


Text and Spoken Words Copyright©2026 by Tacitus Gaia-Marx and Gregory F. Tague. All Rights Reserved. To preserve his privacy, the look-alike image of Tacitus has been AI generated. 

SOURCES

 

- Anthes, Emily. “When Humans Went Away, the Wildlife Strayed.” 21 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/21/science/anthropause-animals-pandemic.html 

- Bolthouse, Julie. “New Study Highlights Public Health Impacts of Gas-Turbine-Powered Data Centers.” 6 May 2026. Piedmont Environmental Council. https://www.pecva.org/work/energy-work/data-centers/new-study-highlights-public-health-impacts-of-gas-turbine-powered-data-centers/

- Brescia, Ray. “The Case Against Golf Courses.” 16 March 2023. City Monitor. https://www.citymonitor.ai/analysis/the-case-against-golf-courses/

- Chen, David. “9 Million Acres, One Bitter Race Over Land in New Mexico.” 16 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/16/us/new-mexico-land-commissioner-race.html

- Einhorn, Catrin. “Administration to Convene ‘God Squad’ With Power to Override Environmental Law.” 16 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/16/climate/god-squad-whales-gulf-oil.html 

- Ekberg, Kristoffer, et al. 2023. Climate Obstruction: How Denial, Delay and Inaction are Heating the Planet. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

- Environmental Defense Fund. “Clearing the Air: Gas Turbines. No date. https://turbinemap.edf.org/

- Friedman, Lisa, Max Bearak, and Jeanna Smialek. “Trump Officials Accused of Bullying Tactics to Kill a Climate Measure.” 6 November 2025. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/06/climate/trump-climate-international-bullying.html

- Friedman, Lisa, Brad Plumer, and Jack Healy. “Trump Administration to Break Up Premier Weather and Climate Research Center.” 17 December 2025. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/17/climate/national-center-for-atmospheric-research-trump.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “Under Trump, U.S. Adds Fuel to a Heating Planet. 12 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/12/climate/trump-climate-change-emissions-fuel.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “Trump Administration Erases the Government’s Power to Fight Climate Change.” 12 February 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/12/climate/trump-epa-greenhouse-gases-climate-change.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “24 States Sue the E.P.A. for Renouncing Its Power to Fight Climate Change.” 19 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/19/climate/epa-endangerment-states-lawsuit.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “EPA Chief to Headline Event by Group That Says There’s No Climate Crisis.” 20 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/20/climate/zeldin-epa-heartland-institute.html

- Friedman, Lisa and Harry Stevens. “How Lee Zeldin Shifted the Mission – and the Message – of the E.P.A.” 12 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2026/04/12/climate/lee-zeldin-epa-mission-language.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “Trump Administration Orders Rapid End to Some Hunting Rules on Federal Lands.” 4 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/04/climate/hunting-federal-lands-burgum.html

- Friedman, Lisa and Maxine Joselow. “Trump Eases Restrictions on Climate ‘Super Polluters.’” 21 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/21/climate/trump-super-pollutants-hfc-epa-climate-change.html

- Friedman, Lisa. “U.S. Forest Service to Open Millions of Acres to Off-Road Vehicles, Memo Shows.” 5 June 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/05/climate/national-forests-off-road-vehicles-public-lands-trump.html

- Healy, Jack. “A Trump Veto Leaves Republicans in Colorado Parched and Bewildered.” 17 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/17/us/politics/colorado-water-trump-veto.html

- Healy, Jack. “Home on the Range No More: Trump Wants Bison Gone.” 4 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/04/us/politics/trump-buffalos-montana.html

- Gelles, David. “How Wall Street Turned Its Back on Climate Change.” 17 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/17/climate/how-wall-street-turned-its-back-on-climate-change.html

- Howard, Hilary. “Fearing Chaos of Climate Change, Some Seek Answers in Virtual Classroom.” 21 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/21/nyregion/fearing-chaos-of-climate-change-some-seek-answers-in-virtual-classroom.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “E.P.A. to Stop Considering Lives Saved When Setting Rules on Air Pollution.” 12 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/12/climate/trump-epa-air-pollution.html 

- Joselow, Maxine. “Trump’s E.P.A. Has Put a Value on Human Life: Zero Dollars.” 21 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/21/climate/epa-human-life-value.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “Teddy Roosevelt’s Family Urges G.O.P. to Protect Public Lands.” 16 February 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/16/climate/theodore-roosevelt-family-boundary-waters.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “E.P.A. Weakens Limits on Mercury From Coal Plants.” 20 February 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/20/climate/epa-mercury-coal-plants.html

- Joselow, Maxine and Lisa Friedman. “Trump Administration Fires New Shot in Fight Over California Clean Car Rules. 12 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/12/climate/trump-california-tailpipe-emissions.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “E.P.A. Moves to Weaken Limits on a Cancer-Causing Gas.” 13 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/13/climate/epa-ethylene-oxide-cancer.html

- Joselow, Maxine and Brad Plumer. “Trump Administration to Pay $1 Billion to Energy Giant to Cancel Wind Farms.” 23 March 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/23/climate/offshore-wind-gas-trump-total.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “Senate Votes to Allow Mining Near Minnesota Wilderness.” 16 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/16/climate/boundary-waters-senate-vote.html

- Joselow, Maxine and Catrin Einhorn. “Republicans Had an Earth Day Plan to Limit Species Protections. It Flopped.” 22 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/22/climate/house-vote-endangered-species-earth-day.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “Trump Administration Lifts Ban on ‘Cyanide Bombs’ on Public Lands.” 7 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/07/climate/cyanide-bombs-public-lands.html

- Joselow, Maxine. “Trump Administration to Scrap Rule That Elevated Land Conservation.” 11 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/11/climate/public-land-rule-repeal.html

- Milman, Oliver and Dharna Noor. “Climate Change Deniers Make Up Nearly a Quarter of Congress.” The Guardian. 5 August 2024. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/05/climate-change-denial-congress

- Niiler, Eric. “Forest Service Will Close Research Stations That Study Wildlife Risk.” 3 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/03/climate/forest-service-research-stations.html

- Niiler, Eric. “Scientists Tweaked the Global Warming Outlook. So Trump Weighed In.” 18 May 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/18/climate/trump-global-warming-truth-social.html

 - Ortolani, Giovanni. “Trump’s Global Resorts Put Profit First, Environment Last, Critics Say.” 11 October 2017. Mongabay. https://news.mongabay.com/2017/10/trumps-global-resorts-put-profit-first-environment-last-critics-say/ 

- Plumer, Brad and Lisa Friedman, Maxine Joselow, and Scott Dance. 22 December 2025. “How Trump’s First Year Reshaped U.S. Energy and Climate Policy.” The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/22/climate/how-trumps-first-year-reshaped-us-energy-and-climate-policy.html 

- Plumer, Brad. “Judge Halts Trump Actions Aimed at Throttling Renewable Energy.” 21 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/21/climate/solar-wind-trump-judge.html

- Revesz, Richard L. “The Trump Administration Now Thinks Clean Air Is Worthless.” 26 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/26/opinion/epa-air-pollution-asthma-deaths.html

- Sanger, David E., Tyler Pager, Katie Rogers, and Zolan Kanno-Youngs. “Trump Lays Out a Vision of Power Restrained Only by ‘My Own Morality.”’ 8 January 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/08/us/politics/trump-interview-power-morality.html

- Sengupta, Somini and Lisa Friedman. “Trump to World: Green Energy Is a Scam and Climate Science Is From ‘Stupid People.”’ 23 September 2025. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/23/climate/trump-climate-energy-united-nations-unga.html

- Sengupta, Somini and Lisa Friedman. 7 January 2026. “Trump Pulls Out of Global Climate Treaty.” The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/07/climate/trump-un-climate-treaty.html

- Tabuchi, Hiroko. “Trump Promises Clean Water. Will He Clean Up ‘Forever Chemicals’?” 20 November 2024. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/20/climate/trump-pfas-lead-clean-water.html

- Tabuchi, Hiroko. “Historic Climate Change Rollback Makes U.S. a Global Outlier on Tailpipe Rules.” 16 February 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/02/16/climate/endangerment-finding-auto-emissions-regulations.html   

- Tabuchi, Hiroko. “Smog in Phoenix and Salt Lake City? The E.P.A. is Blaming Asia.” 30 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/30/climate/phoenix-salt-lake-city-pollution-epa.html 

- Tague, Gregory F. 2025. Forest Sovereignty: Wildlife Sustainability and Ethics. Oxford: Peter Lang.

- Tan, Eli and Maureen Farrell. “How Meta Got Everything It Wanted in a Secret Louisiana Data Center Deal.” 27 July 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/27/technology/meta-data-center-louisiana.html

- VanSickle, Abbie. “Supreme Court Sides With Oil Companies in Louisiana Coastal Lawsuits.” 17 April 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/17/us/politics/supreme-court-oil-louisiana.html 

- Zraick, Karen and Hiroko Tabuchi. “D.O.J. Seeks to Halt Air Pollution Lawsuit Against xAI Data Center.” 16 June 2026. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/16/climate/xai-musk-mississippi-grok-turbine-lawsuit-naacp.html


Copyright©2026 by Tacitus Gaia-Marx and ASEBL/Gregory F. Tague. All Rights Reserved.

Saturday, January 3, 2026

The Anishinaabeg Forest by Todd B. Adams

Any appreciation of Native Americans as ecologists must start with two fundamental principles. The first recognizes that there are over 500 such nations spread across a vast continent. Although sometimes related, they each have distinct cultures, histories, and current goals. The second recognizes that they occupy multiple ecological zones, ranging from tropical rainforests to high-desert plateaus. Any attempt to generalize, while not impossible, is likely to lose so much detail as to render it nearly useless.

Furthermore, it is a Herculean task, and I will not attempt it. Instead, this short article will focus on some of the Anishinaabeg living in the Great Lakes region because I know it somewhat better than any other Native American culture. Their relationship demonstrates the importance of human beings learning to live as inhabitants of a worldwide forest, a condition that applies to all of us, whatever our background and heritage. The question is whether most of us will—or even can—imagine nature as having a deep, sacred meaning rather than focusing on its economic utility.

Anishinaabeg who follow traditional practices do not have a concept of a pristine forest, a post-World War II ideal primarily created by European Americans. Along with other indigenous peoples, they do not differentiate between their immediate environment and themselves. Nor do they conceive of a wilderness untouched by human hands. Instead, they are part of their immediate environment, and in a meaningful way, the forest is integral to their sacred world. For these reasons, they routinely protect more than their own interests when they are in the forest. They have also respected, learned from it, and drawn meaning from it. It is “a peopled cosmos” full of mythic manitous of all sorts. They help guard the Anishinaabe through the many transformations of life and the forest. They deserve human respect and serve as a model for human behavior. However, they are not all benign. Mishebeshu, the great underwater lynx or panther, was a monster who killed the unwary or disrespectful human being. Fear of it would cause Anishinaabeg to avoid some places entirely. Even the usually benign Thunderers, who had a guardian relationship with the Anishinaabeg, might kill through lightning or storm.

What are the obligations that these Manitou place on the Anishinaabeg to protect the forest they use and live in? Perhaps the most difficult one for non-Anishinaabeg is one of reverence. The forest is sacred. The Anishinaabeg offer prayers and thanks to the appropriate Manitou, often accompanied by tobacco offerings. But also of other things, such as cloth. This approach frames the relationship as one of respect, not as one of conqueror.

This reverence applies to plants as well. The Paper, White, or Canoe Birch, as it is commonly known or Betula papyrifera scientifically, is sacred and vital to the living of traditional Anishinaabeg. They write their sacred stories on the bark of Nimishooomis-wigwaas or Wiigwassii-mitig, Grandfather Birch. They use the bark to light fires because it is such good kindling. They travelled in canoes made of bark from one end of the Great Lakes to the other. The bark forms a tray for wrapping the newborn in moss and coverings for lodges. Birch bark cones were used to call moose during mating season. Although traditional Anishinaabeg will cut down a birch tree for firewood or other uses, they will not always do so. Instead, a skilled artisan will peel the bark from a tree for use without killing it. This approach changes the tree’s appearance while allowing it to continue to live.

The Anishinaabeg convey both reverence and the vital, accurate knowledge of how to live fruitfully through stories. Two examples show how: Nanabozho is a complicated figure in Anishinaabeg myth. Sometimes giving healing knowledge, sometimes a trickster, and always the older brother or sometimes uncle to the Anishinaabeg. He also serves as an object lesson when he kills a grandfather bear and feeds it to his grandchildren, only to have them kill his brother in retaliation. Each animal also has a Manitou who protects them and must be placated before taking in a hunt. The Manitou must know that it will continue to live. The Anishinaabeg will only take what is necessary to survive.

To illustrate the bounty of birches, maple trees, and their respective sap while also teaching about the need for reason to control appetite, tribal elders tell how Nanabozho asked for some of the maple tree’s syrup to eat. He found it so sweet and good that he drank until his stomach was full. His intemperance made him nauseous. After groaning for a while, he grew angry and blamed the tree for tricking him. Arguing that birch sap was too dangerous to leave as it was, he diluted the birch sap until it would no longer tempt the Anishinaabeg to overdrink. He punished the birch tree for failing to warn him about the sweet sap by making its bark useful for the Anishinaabeg. Indeed, it may be better in some ways for many people than memorizing a tree’s name and full classification in Latin. The Anishinaabeg traditional way of knowing is not silly, useless, or inaccurate; it is only different.

Successfully living in a forest, especially during climate change, requires the Anishinaabeg and other peoples to address several profound questions about their environment. How long should a society or nation plan for? The Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians routinely plan for seven generations, or approximately 150 years, rather than for the next week, year, or even decade. The Bands focus on maintaining and enhancing wildlife, the overall health of the forest, and traditional cultural values. They protect key tree species and increase old-growth characteristics of the existing forest. They also include projects to rebuild depleted fish stocks in the Great Lakes and elsewhere through the latest scientific methods, as well as to enhance existing commercial fishing opportunities.

Finally, the Anishinaabeg also manage some lands as privately owned and others as common property. For many years, economists and policymakers believed that managing was economically inefficient compared to the free market. They believed that shared land inevitably led to the tragedy of the commons, in which everyone’s personal profit motive led to the overuse and possible extinction of a natural resource. After Elinor Ostrom’s groundbreaking, Nobel-prize-winning work, however, economists and policymakers should no longer consider managing the commons solely as a commercial resource; capitalistic postures toward nature are unsound and can lead to ecological failure. Instead, they should listen and learn from the Anishinaabeg about how the larger American society should live in the forest. We all would be wise to learn from them.

References
Geniuz, Mary Siisip. Plants have so Much to Give Us, All We have to do is Ask (2015).

Geniuz, Wendy Makoons. Our Knowledge is Not Primitive (2009).

Kimmerer, Robin Wall. Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge and the Teachings of Plants (2015).

Ostrom, Elinor. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action (1990).

Smith, Theresa S. The Island of the Anishnaabeg [sic] (2012).

Webkamigad, Howard, trans and ed. Ottawa Stories from the Springs (2015).

- Todd Adams is a retired Michigan lawyer who practiced Native American law and has written law review articles on the subject.

Copyright©2026 by Todd B. Adams. Image©2026 by Todd B. Adams. All Rights Reserved.

Friday, October 3, 2025

Seulement Selon une Mesure Humaine - Réflexions sur L'abattage des Animaux par Xavier Inizan

«Ni viande, ni dieu, ni maître»
             Par Xavier Inizan


Crue. Bouillie. Grillée. Offerte aux dieux. Il y a un mystère de la viande : celui-ci interroge la condition humaine. C’est le mystère de la chair, du sang et des sacrifices. C’est le mystère de la mort. Du corps. De la vie et du sens qu’on lui donne.

Divinisé, anthropomorphisé, utilisé comme outil, sacralisé pour usage rituel, ou réduit à sa masse protéinique dans les nécro-cultures cachées des sociétés industrielles et postindustrielles, où les horreurs de l’abattage persistent, l’animal n’a jamais été vraiment considéré à sa propre mesure : sa vie, son corps, sa souffrance. Les pratiques sacrificielles se sont massifiées. Les abattoirs en sont les autels. Et les boucs émissaires se comptent par millions.

C’est du point de vue de l’animal qu’il convient de parler, pas du nôtre, le tenter du moins. On ne peut pas s’émerveiller du chant d’une mésange et, quelques heures plus tard, dévorer la chair morte d’une vache, sans contrevenir aux principes fondamentaux d’une éthique universelle qui considère que toutes les vies sont égales et respectables.

Il y a un mystère de la viande humaine, il y a un mystère de la viande animale. L’animal étant un être vivant comme un autre, comme l’homme, son corps demeure inviolable et sacré.

Toutes les divinités ne sont pas assoiffées de sang. Certaines ne veulent pas même des fleurs, que l’on couperait inconsidérément. Elles veulent qu’on les chante. Elles veulent que l’on chante la vie. Voudraient-elles du sang ? Alors

Ni viande
Ni dieu
Ni maître.

- Xavier Inizan est un poète français, né en Bretagne en 1971, où il vit. Ses textes sont principalement consacrés à la défense du vivant.
Copyright©2025 by Xavier Inizan. All Rights Reserved. Image by Luke Stackpole from Unsplash.